There are a few different tools you can use to perform a basic memory test on a Linux system to check for errors:
memtest86+:memtest86+ is a standalone memory testing tool that can be booted from a USB drive or CD. It performs a thorough test of the system's RAM by writing and reading data to and from all memory locations, and checking for any errors. To use memtest86+, you will need to download the ISO image and create a bootable USB drive or CD. Then, boot the system from the USB drive or CD and follow the prompts to begin the test.
memtester:memtester is a command-line tool that can be used to test a specific amount of memory on the system. To use memtester, you will need to install it using your package manager (e.g., apt-get install memtester on Ubuntu) and then run it with the desired amount of memory to test as an argument (e.g., memtester 512M to test 512MB of memory). memtester will write and read data to and from the specified amount of memory, and report any errors that are found.
badblocks:badblocks is a command-line tool that can be used to test the physical integrity of a hard drive or other block device. To use badblocks, you will need to specify the device to test (e.g., /dev/sda for the first hard drive) as an argument. badblocks will perform a non-destructive test by reading all the blocks on the device and looking for any errors. If any errors are found, they will be reported.
These tools can help you identify any problems with your system's memory, but keep in mind that they may not detect all errors. It is always a good idea to have a backup of your important data in case of a hardware failure.