BASH Shell Redirect stderr To stdout ( redirect stderr to a File )

In the Bash shell, you can redirect the standard error (stderr) output to the standard output (stdout) using the 2>&1 operator.

For example, to run a command and redirect its standard error output to the same location as its standard output, you can use the following syntax:

command 2>&1

You can also redirect the standard error output to a file by using the > operator, like this:

command 2> error.log

This will redirect the standard error output to the file error.log. If the file does not exist, it will be created. If the file already exists, its contents will be overwritten. To append the standard error output to the end of the file instead, you can use the >> operator:

command 2>> error.log

You can also use the &> operator to redirect both standard output and standard error to a file:

command &> output.log

This is equivalent to using the > operator for both standard output and standard error:

command > output.log 2>&1

Keep in mind that the redirection operators are interpreted by the Bash shell, so you need to make sure to include them in quotes if you are using them in a script. Consult the Bash documentation and online resources for more information on redirecting output in the Bash shell.