How To Find Out Hard Disk Specs / Details on Linux

There are a few different ways to find out the specifications of a hard disk (also known as a hard drive) on a Linux system. Here are a few options:

1. lsblk command: This command will show you a list of all the block devices (including hard drives) on your system, along with their size and other basic information. You can use the -o flag to specify which fields you want to see, and the -b flag to show the sizes in bytes. For example:

$ lsblk -o NAME,SIZE,TYPE -b
NAME                    SIZE
sda                     500107862016
├─sda1                  2048
├─sda2                  8384512
├─sda3                  8384512
├─sda4                  8384512
├─sda5                  8384512
└─sda6                  49089613824

2. fdisk command: This command allows you to view and modify the partition table of a hard drive. You can use the -l flag to list the partitions on a particular hard drive, along with their sizes and other details. For example:

$ sudo fdisk -l /dev/sda

Disk /dev/sda: 465.8 GiB, 500107862016 bytes, 976773168 sectors
Units: sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 4096 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 4096 bytes / 4096 bytes
Disklabel type: dos
Disk identifier: 0x0009e354

Device     Boot  Start       End   Sectors  Size Id Type
/dev/sda1  *      2048    499711    497664  243M 83 Linux
/dev/sda2       501758  19660543  19158786  9.2G  5 Extended
/dev/sda3      19660544  29497344   9836800  4.7G 83 Linux
/dev/sda4      29497472  976773119 947275640 453G  5 Extended
/dev/sda5      29497536  39063551   9566016  4.6G 83 Linux
/dev/sda6      39063552  976773119 937739568 448G 83 Linux

3. hdparm command: This command can be used to view and modify various settings of a hard drive, such as its transfer mode, power management, and cache settings. You can use the -I flag to show detailed information about a hard drive, including its model number, serial number, and other hardware details. For example:

$ sudo hdparm -I /dev/sda

/dev/sda:

ATA device, with non-removable media
    Model Number:       ST500DM002-1BD142                            
    Serial Number:      S3Y1J9AG301205
    Firmware Revision:  KC45
    Transport:          Serial, ATA8-AST, SATA 1.0a, SATA II Extensions, SATA Rev 2.5, SATA Rev 2.6, SATA Rev 3.0

4. smartctl command: This command allows you to view and monitor the SMART information.

$ sudo smartctl