If you are seeing the error "Fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory" while trying to compile a program on a Debian-based Linux system, such as Ubuntu, it means that the program is trying to include a header file called Python.h that could not be found. This header file is typically included as part of the Python development libraries, which are required to build programs that use the Python programming language.
To fix this error, you will need to install the Python development libraries. On Debian-based systems, these libraries are typically included in the python-dev package. You can install this package by running the following command:
sudo apt-get install python-dev
This will install the Python development libraries and the necessary dependencies. Once the installation is complete, you should be able to compile your program without encountering the "Fatal error: Python.h: No such file or directory" error.
If you are using a different version of Python (e.g. Python 3), you may need to install the python3-dev package instead of the python-dev package. You can install this package by running the following command:
sudo apt-get install python3-dev