the built-in base class in java, which is used to handle all exceptions is

In Java, the built-in base class for handling exceptions is the Throwable class, which is the parent class of both Error and Exception.

Throwable is a superclass of all errors and exceptions in the Java language. It is the base class of the Java exception hierarchy and contains two subclasses: Error and Exception.

Error represents serious problems that a reasonable application should not try to catch. Examples of Error include the OutOfMemoryError and the StackOverflowError.

Exception, on the other hand, represents exceptional conditions that a well-written application should catch. Examples of Exception include the IOException, the SQLException, and the NullPointerException.

You can catch and handle exceptions in Java by using the try-catch block. The try block encloses the code that might throw an exception, and the catch block handles the exception if it occurs.

For example:

try {
  // code that might throw an exception
} catch (Exception e) {
  // code to handle the exception
}

You can also use the finally block to specify code that should always be executed, regardless of whether an exception is thrown or caught.

try {
  // code that might throw an exception
} catch (Exception e) {
  // code to handle the exception
} finally {
  // code that should always be executed
}